Luciferins & Substrates (NanoFuel) Products
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| 303 | >95% pure, native Coelenterazine. lyophilized. | 
Coelenterazine Free Base purity >95% The most abundant form of Coelenterazine found in nature. Native Coelenterazine is the preferred substrate for Gaussia luciferase. We recommend using CAT#399 NanoFuel Solvent for dissolving and stabilizing native Coelenterazine.
Package Contents: 500 ugs – 1 vial of 500 µgs lyophilized CTZ The advantages of lyophilized luciferins are:
This luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate.
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| 301 | A 2-deoxy derivative of native Coelenterazine.
Up to 20-f ... | 
A 2-deoxy derivative of native Coelenterazine.
Up to 20-fold higher initial light-output than native Coelenterazine with Apoaequorin.
Reduced but longer lasting kinetic with Renilla luciferase.
We recommend using CAT#399 NanoFuel Solvent for dissolving and stabilizing native Coelenterazine. 
Package Contents: 500 ugs – 1 vial of 500 ugs lyophilized CTZ-h
The advantages of lyophilized luciferins are:
The luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate | |||||||||||||
| 340 | A substrate for Renilla luciferases (Rluc) but not Gaussia ... | 
A substrate for Renilla luciferases (Rluc) but not Gaussia luciferase. It is used for real-time detection of calcium ions, gene reporter assays and a favored substrate for BRET. This derivative has an emission maximum around 400 nm and therefore minimal interference with the emission of the GFP acceptor.
Coelenterazine 400a is also know under the Perkin Elmer trademark DeepBlueC™.
We recommend using specifically developed CAT#397 NanoFuel-400a Solvent for dissolving and stabilizing Coelenterazine 400a for a high concentration of up to 2.5 mg/ml.
Regular NanoFuel Solvent Cat#399 will only be able to dissolve CTZ400a up to a 1 mg/ml concentration. 
Package Contents: 500 ugs – 1 vial of 500 ugs lyophilized CTZ 400a
Advantages
The luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate | |||||||||||||
| 355 | e-Coelenterazine or Coelenterazine-E (e-CTZ) is a synthetic ... | 
e-Coelenterazine or Coelenterazine-E (e-CTZ) is a synthetic analogue of native Coelenterazine with an additional ethyl group, forming an additional ring system. First described by Shimomura in 1989.
Renilla muelleri Luciferase shows an increase of 750% in initial intensity and 137% in total light using e-Coelenterazine compared to native Coelenterazine. 
We recommend using CAT#399 NanoFuel Solvent for dissolving and stabilizing native Coelenterazine.
The luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate in 500 µg and 1 mg aliquots (1 mg = 2x 500 µg). 10 mgs is packed as regular powder in one tube. Advantages
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| 345 | Coelenterazine F is the preferred substrate for Aequorin
... | 
Coelenterazine F is the preferred substrate for Aequorin
We recommend using CAT#399 NanoFuel Solvent for dissolving and stabilizing native Coelenterazine. 
Package Contents: 500 ugs – 1 vial of 500 ugs lyophilized CTZ-f
Advantages
The luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate | |||||||||||||
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| 346 | e-Coelenterazine-F purity >95% is a new Coelenterazine ... |
e-Coelenterazine-F purity >95% is a new Coelenterazine derivative utilized by Renilla luciferase.
We recommend using CAT#399 NanoFuel Solvent for dissolving and stabilizing native Coelenterazine. 
Emission spectrum of eCTZ-F
eCTZ-F is showing a unique emission spectrum in combination with Renilla Luciferase (RLuc), emitting a high energy wide spectrum from 400 to 550 nm. Please see the manual for details. The luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate in 500 µg and 1 mg aliquots (1 mg = 2x 500 µg). 10 mgs is packed as regular powder in one tube. Advantages
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| 397 | NanoFuel®-400a Solvent is NanoLight’s solution to the pro ... | 
NanoFuel®-400a Solvent is NanoLight’s solution to the problem associated with the solubility of the highly hydrophobic Coelenterazine 400a.
Coelenterazine-400a (DeepBlueC™) can be dissolved up to a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml.
NanoFuel-400a Solvent also guarantees Coelenterazine 400a stability if store at -20°C for a few weeks or at -80°C for up to one year. 1 ml / tube or 10 ml / tube Optimized for IN VITRO use with the following Coelenterazine analog: | |||||||||||||
| 370 | V-Coelenterazine (V-CTZ) is a synthetic analogue of Coelent ... | 
V-Coelenterazine (V-CTZ) is a synthetic analogue of Coelenterazine with an additional Benzyl ring. This compound has the unique ability to shift the emission spectra of wildtyp Renilla Luciferase, RLuc8 and Green Renilla Luciferase to longer wavelengths.
V-Coelenterazine is particular difficult to get into solution. We recommend using CAT#398 NanoFuel-V Solvent for dissolving and stabilizing v-Coelenterazine. 
Shift in emission with RLuc 8
Renilla Luciferases emission spectra
The advantages of lyophilized luciferins
The luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate in 500 µg and 1 mg aliquots (1 mg = 2x 500 µg). 10 mgs is packed as regular powder in one tube. | |||||||||||||
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| 398 | Designed by NanoLight to increase the solubility of v-Coele ... |
Designed by NanoLight to increase the solubility of v-Coelenterazine and Methoxy v-Coelenterazine-Methoxy. Both compounds have a very low solubility in Ethanol and Methanol. Using NanoFuel-V solvent gives you v-CTZ concentrations of up to 4 mg/ml. 1 ml/tube Optimized for IN VITRO use with following Coelenterazine analogs: CAT#361 Prolume Purple V (Methoxy-v-Coelenterazine-Methoxy)
It is not designed for IN VIVO use. | |||||||||||||
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| 399 | NanoFuel® Solvent is NanoLight’s solution to the problem ... |
NanoFuel® Solvent is NanoLight’s solution to the problem associated with the solubility of Coelenterazine and the many new Coelenterazine analogs that have been made available in recent years.
Native Coelenterazine can be dissolved in a 10 times higher concentration compared to other alcohols.
NanoFuel-Solvent also guarantees Coelenterazine stability if store at -20°C for a few weeks or at -80°C for up to one year. 1 ml / tube Optimized for IN VITRO use with our following Coelenterazine analogs .
Not Designed for In Vivo useFor live animal imaging, please use Inject-A-Fuel or Water Soluble CTZs: | |||||||||||||
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| 300 | Coelenteramine, 97%
A predominant precursor of most Coele ... |
Coelenteramine, 97%
A predominant precursor of most Coelenterazine analogs and native Coelenterazine. 
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| 350 | Natural marine luciferase oxidation amide product of Coelent ... |
Natural marine luciferase oxidation amide product of Coelenterazine 
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| 3481 | 6h-F-Coelenterazine, also known as C6d-F-Coelenterazine form ... | 
6h-F-Coelenterazine, also known as C6d-F-Coelenterazine formulated to be water-soluble and safe for in vivo imaging applications with NLuc (NanoKAZ, NanoLuc) Luciferase. Patent pending.
Package Contents: 500 µgs – 1 vial of 500 µgs lyophilized SOL-6h-F-CTZ
6h-F-Coelenterazine is often dissolved in Propyleneglycol (PG) in combination with other alcohols for in vivo imaging studies. Large intravenous doses of PG given over a short period of time can be toxic, including hyperosmolality, increased anion gap metabolic acidosis (due to lactic acidosis), acute kidney injury, and sepsis-like syndrome.
This can be avoided using water-soluble 6h-F-Coelenterazine. It is formulated to be isosmotic and easily secreted by the kidneys. Thus save for repeated i.v. injections. Water soluble Coelenterazine can be injected up to a 500 µg/100 µl concentration, achieving very high Coelenterazine levels within the body and leading to high Gaussia luciferase signals. Application Example
ControlsWe offer the solubilization vehicle without the Coelenterazine as injection control. Any side effects due to the injection process can be easily monitored, especially in sensitive applications like bioluminescent driven Optogenetics. One vial of the control (Cat. #3481-10+C) contains the same amount of solubilizer as one vial of Cat.#3481. The control will be dissolved in sterile water to create an iso-osmotic solution ready to inject. To order control: please select ’10 mgs + 10 vials control’ under product options. This includes 20 vials of 500 µg water-soluble 6h-F-CTZ and 10 vials of control. Please inquire if larger quantities of Cat.#3481-10+C are needed.
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| 3032 | Native Coelenterazine in a water-soluble form for in vitro ... | 
Native Coelenterazine in a water-soluble form for in vitro applications with Gaussia Luciferase.
For additional convenience native Coelenterazine is now available in a water-soluble form aliquoted in tubes that will give you a 50 µM solution by adding 10 ml of buffer.
Application Example
Advantages of water-soluble Coelenterazine
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| 3031 | Native Coelenterazine formulated to be water-soluble and saf ... | 
Native Coelenterazine formulated to be water-soluble and safe for in vivo imaging applications with Gaussia Luciferase.
Package Contents: 500 ugs – 1 vial of 500 ugs lyophilized SOL-CTZ
Coelenterazine is often dissolved in Propyleneglycol (PG) in combination with other alcohols for in vivo imaging studies. Large intravenous doses of PG given over a short period of time can be toxic, including hyperosmolality, increased anion gap metabolic acidosis (due to lactic acidosis), acute kidney injury, and sepsis-like syndrome.
This can be avoided using water-soluble Coelenterazine. It is formulated to be isosmotic and easily secreted by the kidneys. Thus save for repeated i.v. injections. Water soluble Coelenterazine can be injected up to a 500 µg/100 µl concentration, achieving very high Coelenterazine levels within the body and leading to high Gaussia luciferase signals. Application Example
ControlsWe offer the solubilization vehicle without the Coelenterazine as injection control. Any side effects due to the injection process can be easily monitored, especially in sensitive applications like bioluminescent driven Optogenetics. One vial of the control (Cat. #3031-10+C) contains the same amount of solubilizer as one vial of Cat.#3031. The control will be dissolved in sterile water to create an iso-osmotic solution ready to inject. To order control: please select ’10 mgs + 10 vials control’ under product options. This includes 20 vials of 500ug water-soluble CTZ and 10 vials of control. Please inquire if larger quantities of Cat.#3031-10+C are needed.
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| 3551 | e-Coelenterazine formulated to be water-soluble and safe for ... |
e-Coelenterazine formulated to be water-soluble and safe for in vivo imaging applications with Renilla Luciferase.
Package Contents: 500 ugs – 1 vial of 500 ugs lyophilized e-CTZ-SOL
e-Coelenterazine is often dissolved in Propyleneglycol (PG) in combination with other alcohols for in vivo imaging studies. Large intravenous doses of PG given over a short period of time can be toxic, including hyperosmolality, increased anion gap metabolic acidosis (due to lactic acidosis), acute kidney injury, and sepsis-like syndrome.
This can be avoided using water-soluble e-Coelenterazine. It is formulated to be isosmotic and easily secreted by the kidneys. Thus save for repeated i.v. injections. Water soluble e-Coelenterazine can be injected up to a 500 µg/100 µl concentration, achieving very high e-Coelenterazine levels within the body and leading to high Renilla luciferase signals. Application Example
ControlsWe offer the solubilization vehicle without the e-Coelenterazine as injection control. Any side effects due to the injection process can be easily monitored. One vial of the control (Cat. #3551-10+C) contains the same amount of solubilizer as one vial of Cat.#3551. The control will be dissolved in sterile water to create an iso-osmotic solution ready to inject. To order control: please select ’10 mgs + 10 vials control’ under product options. This includes 20 vials of 500ug water-soluble CTZ and 10 vials of control. Please inquire if larger quantities of Cat.#3551-10+C are needed.
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| 3012 | A water-soluble form for in vitro applications.
For ad ... |
A water-soluble form for in vitro applications.
For additional convenience h-Coelenterazine is now available in a water-soluble form aliquoted in tubes that will give you a 50 µM solution by adding 10 ml of buffer.
Advantages of water-soluble Coelenterazine
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| 3011 | Water-soluble h-Coelenterazine is formulated to be water-sol ... | 
Water-soluble h-Coelenterazine is formulated to be water-soluble and safe for in vivo imaging applications with Renilla Luciferase.
Package Contents: 500 ugs – 1 vial of 500 ugs lyophilized SOL-CTZ-h Coelenterazine compounds are often dissolved in Propyleneglycol (PG) in combination with other alcohols for in vivo imaging studies. Large intravenous doses of PG given over a short period of time can be toxic, including hyperosmolality, increased anion gap metabolic acidosis (due to lactic acidosis), acute kidney injury, and sepsis-like syndrome.
This can be avoided using water-soluble h-Coelenterazine. It is formulated to be isosmotic and easily secreted by the kidneys. Thus save for repeated i.v. injections. Water-soluble h-Coelenterazine can be injected up to a 500 µg/100 µl concentration, achieving very high Coelenterazine levels within the body and leading to high luciferase signals. h-Coelenterazine is one of the preferred substrates for Renilla Luciferase.
If you use Gaussia Luciferase in your assay please use Cat. #3031
Advantages of water-soluble Coelenterazine
ControlsWe offer the solubilization vehicle without the h-Coelenterazine as injection control. Any side effects due to the injection process can be easily monitored, especially in sensitive applications like bioluminescent driven Optogenetics. One vial of the control (Cat. #3011-10+C) contains the same amount of solubilizer as one vial of Cat.#3011. The control will be dissolved in sterile water to create an iso-osmotic solution ready to inject. To order control: please select ’10 mgs + 10 vials control’ under available sizes. This includes 20 vials of 500 µg water-soluble h-CTZ and 10 vials of control. Please inquire if larger quantities of Cat.#3011-10+C are needed. | |||||||||||||
| 3692 | Methoxy e-Coelenterazine (Prolume Purple) formulated to be w ... | 
Methoxy e-Coelenterazine (Prolume Purple) formulated to be water-soluble for in vitro applications with Renilla Luciferase.
Prolume Purple exhibits an up to 13-fold higher luminescence than CTZ400a (“deep blue C”). 
For details about the properties of Prolume Purple please refer to the information listed for Prolume Purple (Cat.#369) . The emission maximum with Renilla Luciferase is 405 nm thus emitting a purple light. Nanolight™ Technologies developed Prolume Purple. Patent pending. Advantages of water-soluble Coelenterazine
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| 3702 | v-Coelenterazine is an analogue of Coelenterazine that cause ... | 
v-Coelenterazine is an analogue of Coelenterazine that causes a shift in the emission-spectrum to longer wavelengths (515nm and above). Renilla Luciferase is the preferred catalyst for this compound. For more details see here.
Advantages of water-soluble Coelenterazine
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| 303-INJ | Injectable native Coelenterazine, highly pure (99.7%) and op ... | 
Injectable native Coelenterazine, highly pure (99.7%) and optimized for in vivo research.
Recommended path of injection: intra-peritoneal cavity. For animal use only. | |||||||||||||
| 301-INJ | Injectable h-Coelenterazine, highly pure (99%) and optimized ... | 
Injectable h-Coelenterazine, highly pure (99%) and optimized for in vivo research.
Benzyl Coelenterazine (h-CTZ) in sterile injection vials with a low retention volume. Each kit is supplied with two ‘Inject-A-Lume’ vials of 500 µg h-CTZ and a sterile ‘Fuel-Inject’ diluent. For animal use only. | |||||||||||||
| 355-INJ | e-CTZ is now available in sterile injection vials with a low ... | 
e-CTZ is now available in sterile injection vials with a low retention volume. Each kit is suppled with two ‘Inject-A-Lume’ vials of 500 ug e-CTZ and 500 ul of steril ‘Fuel-Inject’ diluent. It was reported that this analogue enhances the signal by two-fold in Renilla Luciferase in vivo studies.
e-coelenterazine or Coelenterazine-E (e-CTZ) is a synthetic analogue of native Coelenterazine with an additional ethyl group, forming an additional ring system. First described by Shimomura in 1989. For Renilla muelleri Luciferase, an increase of 750% in initial intensity and 137% in total light was observed using e-Coelenterazine compared to naitve Coelenterazine.
Note: In will not be utilized by Gaussia Luciferase. | |||||||||||||
| 369 | Methoxy e-Coelenterazine analog quenching the emission maxi ... | 
Prolume Purple or methoxy e-Coelenterazine (Me-O-e-CTZ) is a new synthetic analogue of e-Coelenterazine with an additional methoxy group quenching the emission maximum from 475 nm to 405 nm. Nanolight™ Technologies developed Prolume Purple. (US Patent 2013/057660)
Prolume Purple exhibits an up to 13-fold higher luminescence than CTZ400a (“deep blue C”). 
Comparison to CTZ400a
Emission spec with Renilla Luciferases
The advantages of lyophilized luciferins are:
The luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate | |||||||||||||
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| 367 | Prolume Purple II or Methoxy-Coelenterazine-Methoxy (Me-O- ... |
Prolume Purple II or Methoxy-Coelenterazine-Methoxy (Me-O-CTZ-O-Me) is a new synthetic analogue of Coelenterazine with two additional methoxy groups emitting at 400nm with Renilla Luciferase 8 (RLuc8) and Green Renilla Luciferase. Nanolight™ Technologies developed Prolume Purple II (US Patent 2013/057660).
Prolume Purple II exhibits an up to 5-fold higher luminescence than CTZ400a (“deep blue C”). 
Activity compared to CTZ-400a
Emission specs with RLuc8
The advantages of lyophilized luciferins are:
The luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate | |||||||||||||
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| 365 | Methoxy-eCoelenterazine-F (Me-O-eCTZ-F) is a new synthetic a ... |
Methoxy-eCoelenterazine-F (Me-O-eCTZ-F) is a new synthetic analogue of e-Coelenterazine-F with an additional methoxy groups emitting at 410nm with Green Renilla Luciferase. Nanolight™ Technologies developed Prolume Purple III. (US Patent 2013/057660)
Prolume Purple III exhibits an up to 10-fold higher luminescence than CTZ400a (“deep blue C”).
If you are using RLuc8 or wildtyp Renilla Luc please use Prolume Purple (Cat.# 369).
Activity compared to other CTZs
Emission specs with Green RLuc
The advantages of lyophilized luciferins are
The luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate for 250µg and 1mg (4x 250µg) aliquots.
10 mgs are packed as regular powder in one tube.
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| 363 | Prolume Purple IV or Methoxy-Coelenterazine-Iodine (Me-O-CT ... |
Prolume Purple IV or Methoxy-Coelenterazine-Iodine (Me-O-CTZ-I) is a new synthetic analogue of Coelenterazine-I with an additional methoxy group. So far we were not able to determine a luciferase that is working with this unique compound. Activity with RLuc8, Rluc3 and Green Renilla Luciferase were very low.
Nanolight™ Technologies developed Prolume Purple IV. (US Patent 2013/057660). 
Advantages
The luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate for 250µg and 1mg (4x 250µg) aliquots.
10 mgs are packed as regular powder in one tube.
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| 360 | Nanolight™ Technologies patented methoxy Coelenterazine c ... | 
Nanolight™ Technologies patented methoxy Coelenterazine compounds are now available as a comprehensive sampler kit.
Nanolight Technology is pleased to introduce these newly developed coelenterazine compounds. Your feedback is appreciated, if you find any additional luciferases or luciferase mutants that work with these compounds, please contact us at info@prolume.com. Prolume Purple Sampler content (250 ug each) | |||||||||||||
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| 361 | Methoxy-v-Coelenterazine-Methoxy (Me-O-v-CTZ-O-Me) is a new ... |
Methoxy-v-Coelenterazine-Methoxy (Me-O-v-CTZ-O-Me) is a new synthetic analogue of v-Coelenterazine with two additional methoxy groups. So far we were not able to determine a luciferase that is working with this unique compound. Activities with RLuc8, Rluc3 and Green Renilla Luciferase are very low.
Nanolight™ Technologies developed Prolume Purple V. (US Patent 2013/057660). 
Advantages
The luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate for 250µg and 1mg (4x 250µg) aliquots.
10 mgs are packed as regular powder in one tube.
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| 305 | also known as Vargula Luciferin or Vargulin,
enantiomeric ... | 
also known as Vargula Luciferin or Vargulin,
enantiomeric mixture: 70% S-form, 30% R-form
both forms are luminous active
Cypridina was first characterized by Dr Osamu and Akemi Shimomura from “Umi Hotaru” Japanese Sea Fireflies in 1966. These are bottom dwelling ostracods that emit a light stream into water when disturbed presumably to deter predation. Cypridina Luciferase was first cloned by Eric Thompson, and S. Nagata under Fred Tsuji in Japan 1989. Cypridina is a 555 amino acid, 62.171 KDa protein that oxidizes the luciferin to produce blue light at 462 nm Em Max. The advantage of using the Cypridna system: it does not cross react with Coelenterazine or Firefly d-Luciferin so it may be used in multiplex assays. It is brighter then Firefly Luciferase. Natural occurring Cypridina Luciferin is 100% S-form. NanoLights Cypridina synthesized compound is an enantiomeric mixture of 70% S and 30% R form. The recently published paper describes that the R-form is also a luminous substrate for Cypridina Luciferase with a 3-fold lower turnover rate and not a competitive inhibitor as previously thought. Therefore, a negative impact on Cypridina bioluminescent assays is not expected. We would like to thank the authors for the detailed analysis of our product. Kanie S, Wu C, Kihira K, Yasuno R, Mitani Y, Ohmiya Y. Bioluminescence of (R)-Cypridina Luciferin with Cypridina Luciferase. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Feb 26;25(5):2699. Inouye S. Pink-colored Cypridina luciferase from Cypridina (Vargula) hilgendorfii: Oxygen-triggered luminescence reaction following NAD(P)H-FMN flavin reductase reaction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025 Feb 2;747:151285. The advantages of lyophilized luciferins are:
The luciferin is shipped as filtered, lyophilized, batch controlled substrate | |||||||||||||
| 306 | Firefly D-Luciferin Free Acid >99% (Photinus pyralis, pyr ... | 
Firefly D-Luciferin Free Acid >99% (Photinus pyralis, pyrophorus, and Elateridea substrate luciferins)
This is the FREE ACID and not a water soluble salt, such as the Potassium or Sodium salts. This requires reconstitution using alkaline buffers. 
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| 309 | Coenzyme A will prolong the signal of Firefly Luciferase Bio ... | 
Coenzyme A will prolong the signal of Firefly Luciferase Bioluminescence 
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Coelenterazine (native-CTZ) in sterile injection vials with a low retention volume. Each kit is supplied with two ‘Inject-A-Lume’ vials of 500 µg CTZ and 500 µl of sterile ‘Fuel-Inject’ diluent.
